forked from liweijie/education
214 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
214 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
# shell-quote <sup>[![Version Badge][npm-version-svg]][package-url]</sup>
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[![github actions][actions-image]][actions-url]
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[![coverage][codecov-image]][codecov-url]
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[![License][license-image]][license-url]
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[![Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
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[![npm badge][npm-badge-png]][package-url]
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Parse and quote shell commands.
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# example
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## quote
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```js
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var quote = require('shell-quote/quote');
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var s = quote([ 'a', 'b c d', '$f', '"g"' ]);
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console.log(s);
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```
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output
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```
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a 'b c d' \$f '"g"'
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```
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## parse
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```js
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var parse = require('shell-quote/parse');
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var xs = parse('a "b c" \\$def \'it\'\\\'\'s great\'');
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console.dir(xs);
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```
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output
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```
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[ 'a', 'b c', '$def', "it's great" ]
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```
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## parse with an environment variable
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```js
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var parse = require('shell-quote/parse');
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var xs = parse('beep --boop="$PWD"', { PWD: '/home/robot' });
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console.dir(xs);
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```
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output
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```
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[ 'beep', '--boop=/home/robot' ]
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```
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## parse with custom escape character
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```js
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var parse = require('shell-quote/parse');
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var xs = parse('beep ^--boop="$PWD"', { PWD: '/home/robot' }, { escape: '^' });
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console.dir(xs);
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```
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output
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```
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[ 'beep', '--boop=/home/robot' ]
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```
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## parse with unquoted variable splitting
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```js
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var parse = require('shell-quote/parse');
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var xs = parse('a $T', { T: 'c d' }, { splitUnquoted: true });
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console.dir(xs);
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```
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output
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```
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[ 'a', 'c', 'd' ]
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```
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## parsing shell operators
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```js
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var parse = require('shell-quote/parse');
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var xs = parse('beep || boop > /byte');
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console.dir(xs);
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```
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output:
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```
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[ 'beep', { op: '||' }, 'boop', { op: '>' }, '/byte' ]
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```
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## parsing shell comment
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```js
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var parse = require('shell-quote/parse');
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var xs = parse('beep > boop # > kaboom');
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console.dir(xs);
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```
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output:
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```
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[ 'beep', { op: '>' }, 'boop', { comment: ' > kaboom' } ]
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```
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# methods
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```js
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var quote = require('shell-quote/quote');
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var parse = require('shell-quote/parse');
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```
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## quote(args)
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Return a quoted string for the array `args` suitable for using in shell
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commands.
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Each entry of `args` may be a string, or one of the object shapes that
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`parse` emits: `{ op }` (where `op` is one of the control operators
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`||`, `&&`, `;;`, `|&`, `<(`, `<<<`, `>>`, `>&`, `<&`, `&`, `;`, `(`,
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`)`, `|`, `<`, `>`), `{ op: 'glob', pattern }`, or `{ comment }`. Any
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other object shape, an unrecognized `op`, or a `pattern`/`comment`
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containing line terminators throws a `TypeError`.
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The output is POSIX shell (`sh`/`bash`) quoting.
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It is not valid for Windows `cmd.exe` or PowerShell,
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whose rules differ and, for `cmd.exe`,
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are not solvable in the general case. On Windows,
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do not build a shell command string from this output;
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instead pass an argument array to a non-shell API such as
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`child_process.execFile` or `spawn`
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(or the `cross-spawn` package),
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which does no shell parsing and needs no quoting.
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Use the returned string verbatim as shell input.
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It is already a complete, escaped shell word (or words);
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do not wrap it in additional quotes or embed it in `eval '...'`.
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Re-quoting the output (for example, placing it inside single quotes)
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turns its backslash escapes into literal characters and corrupts the value.
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## parse(cmd, env={})
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Return an array of arguments from the quoted string `cmd`.
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Interpolate embedded bash-style `$VARNAME` and `${VARNAME}` variables with
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the `env` object which like bash will replace undefined variables with `""`.
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By default an expanded variable is a single token even when unquoted.
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Pass `{ splitUnquoted: true }` to split an unquoted expansion into multiple tokens the way a shell performs field splitting,
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using the default `IFS` (space, tab, newline).
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Pass a string to use its characters as the `IFS` instead
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(for example `{ splitUnquoted: ':' }`).
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A quoted expansion (`"$VAR"`) is never split.
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Only simple `$VARNAME` and `${VARNAME}` interpolation is supported.
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Bash parameter expansion beyond a plain variable name is not evaluated:
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forms such as array subscripts (`${arr[i]}`), length (`${#arr[@]}`),
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and modifiers (`${var:-default}`, `${var/a/b}`)
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are treated as an unknown variable and expand to `""`,
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while arithmetic (`$((...))`) and command substitution (`$(...)`)
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are not interpreted.
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Whitespace inside `${...}` throws a `Bad substitution` error.
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`env` is usually an object but it can also be a function to perform lookups.
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When `env(key)` returns a string, its result will be output just like `env[key]` would.
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When `env(key)` returns an object, it will be inserted into the result
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array like the operator objects.
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When a bash operator is encountered,
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the element in the array with be an object with an `"op"` key set to the operator string.
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For example:
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```
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'beep || boop > /byte'
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```
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parses as:
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```
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[ 'beep', { op: '||' }, 'boop', { op: '>' }, '/byte' ]
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```
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# install
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With [npm](http://npmjs.org) do:
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```
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npm install shell-quote
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```
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# license
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MIT
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[package-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/shell-quote
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[npm-version-svg]: https://versionbadg.es/ljharb/shell-quote.svg
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[deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/shell-quote.svg
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[deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/shell-quote
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[npm-badge-png]: https://nodei.co/npm/shell-quote.png?downloads=true&stars=true
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[license-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/l/shell-quote.svg
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[license-url]: LICENSE
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[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/shell-quote.svg
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[downloads-url]: https://npm-stat.com/charts.html?package=shell-quote
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[codecov-image]: https://codecov.io/gh/ljharb/shell-quote/branch/main/graphs/badge.svg
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[codecov-url]: https://app.codecov.io/gh/ljharb/shell-quote/
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[actions-image]: https://img.shields.io/github/check-runs/ljharb/shell-quote/main
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[actions-url]: https://github.com/ljharb/shell-quote/actions
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